dhammapada-aṭṭhakathā

(dutiyo bhāgo)

20. maggavaggo

7. poṭṭhilattheravatthu

yogā veti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto poṭṭhilaṃ nāma theraṃ ārabbha kathesi.

so kira sattannampi buddhānaṃ sāsane tepiṭako pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ dhammaṃ vācesi. satthā cintesi — “imassa bhikkhuno ‘attano dukkhanissaraṇaṃ karissāmī’ti cittampi natthi saṃvejessāmi nan”ti. tato paṭṭhāya taṃ theraṃ attano upaṭṭhānaṃ āgatakāle “ehi, tucchapoṭṭhila, vanda, tucchapoṭṭhila, nisīda, tucchapoṭṭhila, yāhi, tucchapoṭṭhilā”ti vadati. uṭṭhāya gatakālepi “tucchapoṭṭhilo gato”ti vadati. so cintesi — “ahaṃ sāṭṭhakathāni tīṇi piṭakāni dhāremi, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ aṭṭhārasa mahāgaṇe dhammaṃ vācemi, atha pana maṃ satthā abhikkhaṇaṃ, ‘tucchapoṭṭhilā’ti vadeti, addhā maṃ satthā jhānādīnaṃ abhāvena evaṃ vadetī”ti. so uppannasaṃvego “dāni araññaṃ pavisitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karissāmī”ti sayameva pattacīvaraṃ saṃvidahitvā paccūsakāle sabbapacchā dhammaṃ uggaṇhitvā nikkhamantena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ nikkhami. pariveṇe nisīditvā sajjhāyantā naṃ “ācariyo”ti na sallakkhesuṃ. so vīsayojanasatamaggaṃ gantvā ekasmiṃ araññāvāse tiṃsa bhikkhū vasanti, te upasaṅkamitvā saṅghattheraṃ vanditvā, “bhante, avassayo me hothā”ti āha. āvuso, tvaṃ dhammakathiko, amhehi nāma taṃ nissāya kiñci jānitabbaṃ bhaveyya, kasmā evaṃ vadesīti? mā, bhante, evaṃ karotha, avassayo me hothāti. te pana sabbe khīṇāsavāva. atha naṃ mahāthero “imassa uggahaṃ nissāya māno atthiyevā”ti anutherassa santikaṃ pahiṇi. sopi naṃ tathevāha. iminā nīhārena sabbepi taṃ pesentā divāṭṭhāne nisīditvā sūcikammaṃ karontassa sabbanavakassa sattavassikasāmaṇerassa santikaṃ pahiṇiṃsu. evamassa mānaṃ nīhariṃsu.

so nihatamāno sāmaṇerassa santike añjaliṃ paggahetvā “avassayo me hohi sappurisā”ti āha. aho, ācariya, kiṃ nāmetaṃ kathetha, tumhe mahallakā bahussutā, tumhākaṃ santike mayā kiñci kāraṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ bhaveyyāti. mā evaṃ kari, sappurisa, hohiyeva me avassayoti. bhante, sacepi ovādakkhamā bhavissatha, bhavissāmi vo avassayoti. homi, sappurisa, ahaṃ “aggiṃ pavisā”ti vutte aggiṃ pavisāmiyevāti. atha naṃ so avidūre ekaṃ saraṃ dassetvā, “bhante, yathānivatthapārutova imaṃ saraṃ pavisathā”ti āha. so hissa mahagghānaṃ dupaṭṭacīvarānaṃ nivatthapārutabhāvaṃ ñatvāpi “ovādakkhamo nu kho”ti vīmaṃsanto evamāha. theropi ekavacaneneva udakaṃ otari. atha naṃ cīvarakaṇṇānaṃ temitakāle “etha, bhante”ti vatvā ekavacaneneva āgantvā ṭhitaṃ āha — “bhante, ekasmiṃ vammike cha chiddāni, tattha ekena chiddena godhā anto paviṭṭhā, taṃ gaṇhitukāmo itarāni pañca chiddāni thaketvā chaṭṭhaṃ bhinditvā paviṭṭhachiddeneva gaṇhāti, evaṃ tumhepi chadvārikesu ārammaṇesu sesāni pañcadvārāni pidhāya manodvāre kammaṃ paṭṭhapethā”ti. bahussutassa bhikkhuno ettakeneva padīpujjalanaṃ viya ahosi. so “ettakameva hotu sappurisā”ti karajakāye ñāṇaṃ otāretvā samaṇadhammaṃ ārabhi.

satthā vīsayojanasatamatthake nisinnova taṃ bhikkhuṃ oloketvā “yathevāyaṃ bhikkhu bhūripañño, evamevaṃ anena attānaṃ patiṭṭhāpetuṃ vaṭṭatī”ti cintetvā tena saddhiṃ kathento viya obhāsaṃ pharitvā imaṃ gāthamāha —

282.

“yogā ve jāyatī bhūri, ayogā bhūrisaṅkhayo.

etaṃ dvedhāpathaṃ ñatvā, bhavāya vibhavāya ca.

tathāttānaṃ niveseyya, yathā bhūri pavaḍḍhatī”ti.

tattha yogāti aṭṭhatiṃsāya ārammaṇesu yoniso manasikārā. bhūrīti pathavīsamāya vitthatāya paññāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. saṅkhayoti vināso. etaṃ dvedhāpathanti etaṃ yogañca ayogañca. bhavāya vibhavāya cāti vuddhiyā ca avuddhiyā ca. tathāti yathā ayaṃ bhūrisaṅkhātā paññā pavaḍḍhati, evaṃ attānaṃ niveseyyāti attho.

desanāvasāne poṭṭhilatthero arahatte patiṭṭhahīti.

poṭṭhilattheravatthu sattamaṃ.