dhammapada-aṭṭhakathā

(paṭhamo bhāgo)

3. cittavaggo

1. meghiyattheravatthu

phandanaṃ capalaṃ cittanti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā cālikāya pabbate viharanto āyasmantaṃ meghiyaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

tassa vatthuṃ vibhāvanatthaṃ sabbaṃ meghiyasuttantaṃ (udā. 31) vitthāretabbaṃ. satthā pana tīhi vitakkehi anvāsattatāya tasmiṃ ambavane padhānaṃ anuyuñjituṃ asakkuṇitvā āgataṃ meghiyattheraṃ āmantetvā, “atibhāriyaṃ te, meghiya, kataṃ ‘āgamehi tāva, meghiya, ekakomhi yāva aññopi koci bhikkhu āgacchatī’ti maṃ yācantaṃ ekakaṃ pahāya gacchantena bhikkhunā nāma evaṃ cittavasikena bhavituṃ na vaṭṭati, cittaṃ nāmetaṃ lahukaṃ, taṃ attano vase vattetuṃ vaṭṭatī”ti vatvā imā dve gāthā abhāsi —

33.

“phandanaṃ capalaṃ cittaṃ, dūrakkhaṃ dunnivārayaṃ.

ujuṃ karoti medhāvī, usukārova tejanaṃ.

34.

“vārijova thale khitto, okamokataubbhato.

paripphandatidaṃ cittaṃ, māradheyyaṃ pahātave”ti.

tattha phandananti rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu vipphandamānaṃ. capalanti ekairiyāpathena asaṇṭhahanto gāmadārako viya ekasmiṃ ārammaṇe asaṇṭhahanato capalaṃ. cittanti viññāṇaṃ, bhūmivatthuārammaṇakiriyādivicittatāya panetaṃ “cittan”ti vuttaṃ. dūrakkhanti kiṭṭhasambādhe ṭhāne kiṭṭhakhādakagoṇaṃ viya ekekasmiṃ sappāyārammaṇeyeva duṭṭhapanato dūrakkhaṃ. dunnivārayanti visabhāgārammaṇaṃ gacchantaṃ paṭisedhetuṃ dukkhattā dunnivārayaṃ. usukārova tejananti yathā nāma usukāro araññato ekaṃ vaṅkadaṇḍakaṃ āharitvā nittacaṃ katvā kañjiyatelena makkhetvā aṅgārakapalle tāpetvā rukkhālake uppīḷetvā nivaṅkaṃ ujuṃ vālavijjhanayoggaṃ karoti, katvā ca pana rājarājamahāmattānaṃ sippaṃ dassetvā mahantaṃ sakkārasammānaṃ labhati, evameva medhāvī paṇḍito viññū puriso phandanādisabhāvametaṃ cittaṃ dhutaṅgāraññāvāsavasena, nittacaṃ apagataoḷārikakilesaṃ katvā saddhāsinehena temetvā kāyikacetasikavīriyena tāpetvā samathavipassanālake uppīḷetvā ujuṃ akuṭilaṃ nibbisevanaṃ karoti, katvā ca pana saṅkhāre sammasitvā mahantaṃ avijjakkhandhaṃ padāletvā, “tisso vijjā, cha abhiññā, nava lokuttaradhamme”ti imaṃ visesaṃ hatthagatameva katvā aggadakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ labhati.

vārijovāti maccho viya, thale khittoti hatthena vā pādena vā jālādīnaṃ vā aññatarena thale chaḍḍito. okamokataubbhatoti “okapuṇṇehi cīvarehī”ti ettha (mahāva. 306) udakaṃ okaṃ, “okaṃ pahāya aniketasārī”ti ettha (su. ni. 850) ālayo, ettha ubhayampi labbhati. “okamokataubbhato”ti hi ettha okamokatoti udakasaṅkhātā ālayāti ayamattho. ubbhatoti uddhaṭo. paripphandatidaṃ cittanti yathā so udakālayato ubbhato thale khitto maccho udakaṃ alabhanto paripphandati, evamidaṃ pañcakāmaguṇālayābhirataṃ cittaṃ tato uddharitvā māradheyyasaṅkhātaṃ vaṭṭaṃ pahātuṃ vipassanākammaṭṭhāne khittaṃ kāyikacetasikavīriyena santāpiyamānaṃ paripphandati, saṇṭhātuṃ na sakkoti. evaṃ santepi dhuraṃ anikkhipitvā medhāvī puggalo taṃ vuttanayeneva ujuṃ kammaniyaṃ karotīti attho. aparo nayo — idaṃ māradheyyaṃ kilesavaṭṭaṃ avijahitvā ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ so vārijo viya paripphandati, tasmā māradheyyaṃ pahātave, yena kilesavaṭṭasaṅkhātena māradheyyeneva paripphandati, taṃ pahātabbanti.

gāthāpariyosāne meghiyatthero sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhito, aññepi bahū sotāpannādayo jātāti.

meghiyattheravatthu paṭhamaṃ.