dhammapada-aṭṭhakathā

(dutiyo bhāgo)

20. maggavaggo

6. sūkarapetavatthu

vācānurakkhīti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā veḷuvane viharanto sūkarapetaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

ekasmiñhi divase mahāmoggallānatthero lakkhaṇattherena saddhiṃ gijjhakūṭā orohanto ekasmiṃ padese sitaṃ pātvākāsi. “ko nu kho, āvuso, hetu sitassa pātukammāyā”ti lakkhaṇattherena puṭṭho “akālo, āvuso, imassa pañhassa, satthu santike maṃ puccheyyāthā”ti vatvā lakkhaṇattherena saddhiṃyeva rājagahe piṇḍāya caritvā piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto veḷuvanaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā nisīdi. atha naṃ lakkhaṇatthero tamatthaṃ pucchi. so āha — “āvuso, ahaṃ ekaṃ petaṃ addasaṃ, tassa tigāvutappamāṇaṃ sarīraṃ, taṃ manussasarīrasadisaṃ. sīsaṃ pana sūkarassa viya, tassa mukhe naṅguṭṭhaṃ jātaṃ, tato puḷavā paggharanti. svāhaṃ ‘na me evarūpo satto diṭṭhapubbo’ti taṃ disvā sitaṃ pātvākāsin”ti. satthā “cakkhubhūtā vata, bhikkhave, mama sāvakā viharantī”ti vatvā “ahampetaṃ sattaṃ bodhimaṇḍeyeva addasaṃ. ‘ye pana me na saddaheyyuṃ, tesaṃ ahitāya assā’ti paresaṃ anukampāya na kathesiṃ. idāni moggallānaṃ sakkhiṃ katvā kathemi. saccaṃ, bhikkhave, moggallāno āhā”ti kathesi. taṃ sutvā bhikkhū satthāraṃ pucchiṃsu — “kiṃ pana, bhante, tassa pubbakamman”ti. satthā “tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇāthā”ti atītaṃ āharitvā tassa pubbakammaṃ kathesi.

kassapabuddhakāle kira ekasmiṃ gāmakāvāse dve therā samaggavāsaṃ vasiṃsu. tesu eko saṭṭhivasso, eko ekūnasaṭṭhivasso . ekūnasaṭṭhivasso itarassa pattacīvaraṃ ādāya vicari, sāmaṇero viya sabbaṃ vattapaṭivattaṃ akāsi. tesaṃ ekamātukucchiyaṃ vutthabhātūnaṃ viya samaggavāsaṃ vasantānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ eko dhammakathiko āgami. tadā ca dhammassavanadivaso hoti. therā naṃ saṅgaṇhitvā “dhammakathaṃ no kathehi sappurisā”ti āhaṃsu. so dhammakathaṃ kathesi. therā “dhammakathiko no laddho”ti tuṭṭhacittā punadivase taṃ ādāya dhuragāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisitvā tattha katabhattakiccā, “āvuso, hiyyo kathitaṭṭhānatova thokaṃ dhammaṃ kathehī”ti manussānaṃ dhammaṃ kathāpesuṃ. manussā dhammakathaṃ sutvā punadivasatthāyapi nimantayiṃsu. evaṃ samantā bhikkhācāragāmesu dve dve divase taṃ ādāya piṇḍāya cariṃsu.

dhammakathiko cintesi — “ime dvepi atimudukā, mayā ubhopete palāpetvā imasmiṃ vihāre vasituṃ vaṭṭatī”ti. so sāyaṃ therūpaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ uṭṭhāya gatakāle nivattitvā mahātheraṃ upasaṅkamitvā, “bhante, kiñci vattabbaṃ atthī”ti vatvā “kathehi, āvuso”ti vutte thokaṃ cintetvā, “bhante, kathā nāmesā mahāsāvajjā”ti vatvā akathetvāva pakkāmi. anutherassāpi santikaṃ gantvā tatheva akāsi. so dutiyadivase tatheva katvā tatiyadivase tesaṃ ativiya kotuhale uppanne mahātheraṃ upasaṅkamitvā, “bhante, kiñci vattabbaṃ atthi, tumhākaṃ pana santike vattuṃ na visahāmī”ti vatvā therena “hotu, āvuso, kathehī”ti nippīḷito āha — “kiṃ pana, bhante, anuthero tumhehi saddhiṃ saṃbhogo”ti. sappurisa, kiṃ nāmetaṃ kathesi, mayaṃ ekamātukucchiyaṃ vutthaputtā viya, amhesu ekena yaṃ laddhaṃ, itarenāpi laddhameva hoti. mayā etassa ettakaṃ kālaṃ aguṇo nāma na diṭṭhapubboti? evaṃ, bhanteti. āmāvusoti. bhante maṃ anuthero evamāha — “sappurisa, tvaṃ kulaputto, ayaṃ mahāthero lajjī pesaloti etena saddhiṃ saṃbhogaṃ karonto upaparikkhitvā kareyyāsī”ti evamesa maṃ āgatadivasato paṭṭhāya vadatīti.

mahāthero taṃ sutvāva kuddhamānaso daṇḍābhihataṃ kulālabhājanaṃ viya bhijji. itaropi uṭṭhāya anutherassa santikaṃ gantvā tatheva avoca, sopi tatheva bhijji. tesu kiñcāpi ettakaṃ kālaṃ ekopi visuṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhapubbo nāma natthi, punadivase pana visuṃ piṇḍāya pavisitvā anuthero puretaraṃ āgantvā upaṭṭhānasālāya aṭṭhāsi, mahāthero pacchā agamāsi. taṃ disvā anuthero cintesi — “kiṃ nu kho imassa pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, udāhu no”ti. so “na idāni paṭiggahessāmī”ti cintetvāpi “hotu, na mayā evaṃ katapubbaṃ, mayā attano vattaṃ hāpetuṃ na vaṭṭatī”ti cittaṃ mudukaṃ katvā theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā, “bhante, pattacīvaraṃ dethā”ti āha. itaro “gaccha, dubbinīta, na tvaṃ mama pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetuṃ yuttarūpo”ti accharaṃ paharitvā tenapi “āma, bhante, ahampi tumhākaṃ pattacīvaraṃ na paṭiggaṇhāmīti cintesin”ti vutte, “āvuso navaka, kiṃ tvaṃ cintesi, mama imasmiṃ vihāre koci saṅgo atthī”ti āha. itaropi “tumhe pana, bhante, kiṃ evaṃ maññatha ‘mama imasmiṃ vihāre koci saṅgo atthī’ti, eso te vihāro”ti vatvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya nikkhami. itaropi nikkhami. te ubhopi ekamaggenāpi agantvā eko pacchimadvārena maggaṃ gaṇhi, eko puratthimadvārena. dhammakathiko, “bhante, mā evaṃ karotha, mā evaṃ karothā”ti vatvā “tiṭṭhāvuso”ti vutte nivatti. so punadivase dhuragāmaṃ paviṭṭho manussehi, “bhante, bhaddantā kuhin”ti vutte, “āvuso, mā pucchatha, tumhākaṃ kulupakā hiyyo kalahaṃ katvā nikkhamiṃsu, ahaṃ yācantopi nivattetuṃ nāsakkhin”ti āha. tesu bālā tuṇhī ahesuṃ. paṇḍitā pana “amhehi ettakaṃ kālaṃ bhaddantānaṃ kiñci khalitaṃ nāma na diṭṭhapubbaṃ, tesaṃ bhayaṃ imaṃ nissāya uppannaṃ bhavissatī”ti domanassappattā ahesuṃ.

tepi therā gataṭṭhāne cittasukhaṃ nāma na labhiṃsu. mahāthero cintesi — “aho navakassa bhikkhuno bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ kataṃ, muhuttaṃ diṭṭhaṃ nāma āgantukabhikkhuṃ āha — ‘mahātherena saddhiṃ saṃbhogaṃ mā akāsī’”ti. itaropi cintesi — “aho mahātherassa bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ kataṃ, muhuttaṃ diṭṭhaṃ nāma āgantukabhikkhuṃ āha — ‘iminā saddhiṃ saṃbhogaṃ mā akāsī’”ti. tesaṃ neva sajjhāyo na manasikāro ahosi. te vassasataccayena pacchimadisāya ekaṃ vihāraṃ agamaṃsu. tesaṃ ekameva senāsanaṃ pāpuṇi. mahāthere pavisitvā mañcake nisinne itaropi pāvisi. mahāthero taṃ disvāva sañjānitvā assūni sandhāretuṃ nāsakkhi. itaropi mahātheraṃ sañjānitvā assupuṇṇehi nettehi “kathemi nu kho mā kathemī”ti cintetvā “na taṃ saddheyyarūpan”ti theraṃ vanditvā “ahaṃ, bhante, ettakaṃ kālaṃ tumhākaṃ pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vicariṃ, api nu kho me kāyadvārādīsu tumhehi kiñci asāruppaṃ diṭṭhapubban”ti. “na diṭṭhapubbaṃ, āvuso”ti. atha kasmā dhammakathikaṃ avacuttha “mā etena saddhiṃ saṃbhogamakāsī”ti? “nāhaṃ, āvuso, evaṃ kathemi, tayā kira mama antare evaṃ vuttan”ti. “ahampi, bhante, na vadāmī”ti. te tasmiṃ khaṇe “tena amhe bhinditukāmena evaṃ vuttaṃ bhavissatī”ti ñatvā aññamaññaṃ accayaṃ desayiṃsu. te vassasataṃ cittassādaṃ alabhantā taṃ divasaṃ samaggā hutvā “āyāma, naṃ tato vihārā nikkaḍḍhissāmā”ti pakkamitvā anupubbena taṃ vihāraṃ agamaṃsu.

dhammakathikopi there disvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetuṃ upagacchi. therā “na tvaṃ imasmiṃ vihāre vasituṃ yuttarūpo”ti accharaṃ pahariṃsu. so saṇṭhātuṃ asakkonto tāvadeva nikkhamitvā palāyi. atha naṃ vīsati vassasahassāni kato samaṇadhammo sandhāretuṃ nāsakkhi, tato cavitvā avīcimhi nibbatto ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ paccitvā idāni gijjhakūṭe vuttappakārena attabhāvena dukkhaṃ anubhotīti.

satthā idaṃ tassa pubbakammaṃ āharitvā, “bhikkhave, bhikkhunā nāma kāyādīhi upasantarūpena bhavitabban”ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha —

281.

“vācānurakkhī manasā susaṃvuto,

kāyena ca nākusalaṃ kayirā.

ete tayo kammapathe visodhaye,

ārādhaye maggamisippaveditan”ti.

tassattho — catunnaṃ vacīduccaritānaṃ vajjanena vācānurakkhī abhijjhādīnaṃ anuppādanena manasā ca suṭṭhu saṃvuto pāṇātipātādayo pajahanto kāyena ca akusalaṃ na kayirā. evaṃ ete tayo kammapathe visodhaye. evaṃ visodhento hi sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ esakehi buddhādīhi isīhi paveditaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikamaggaṃ ārādheyyāti.

desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.

sūkarapetavatthu chaṭṭhaṃ.