dhammapada-aṭṭhakathā

(dutiyo bhāgo)

20. maggavaggo

9. suvaṇṇakārattheravatthu

ucchindāti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto sāriputtattherassa saddhivihārikaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

eko kira suvaṇṇakāraputto abhirūpo sāriputtattherassa santike pabbaji. thero “taruṇānaṃ rāgo ussanno hotī”ti cintetvā tassa rāgapaṭighātāya asubhakammaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. tassa pana taṃ asappāyaṃ. tasmā araññaṃ pavisitvā temāsaṃ vāyamanto cittekaggamattampi alabhitvā puna therassa santikaṃ āgantvā therena “upaṭṭhitaṃ te, āvuso, kammaṭṭhānan”ti vutte taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. athassa thero “kammaṭṭhānaṃ na sampajjatīti vosānaṃ āpajjituṃ na vaṭṭatī”ti vatvā puna tadeva kammaṭṭhānaṃ sādhukaṃ kathetvā adāsi. so dutiyavārepi kiñci visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ asakkonto āgantvā therassa ārocesi. athassa theropi sakāraṇaṃ saupamaṃ katvā tadeva kammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhi. so punapi āgantvā kammaṭṭhānassa asampajjanabhāvaṃ kathesi. thero cintesi — “kārako bhikkhu attani vijjamāne kāmacchandādayo vijjamānāti avijjamāne avijjamānāti pajānāti. ayaṃ bhikkhu kārako, no akārako, paṭipanno, no appaṭipanno, ahaṃ panetassa ajjhāsayaṃ na jānāmi, buddhaveneyyo eso bhavissatī”ti taṃ ādāya sāyanhasamaye satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā “ayaṃ, bhante, mama saddhivihāriko, imassa mayā iminā kāraṇena idaṃ nāma kammaṭṭhānaṃ dinnan”ti sabbaṃ taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi.

atha naṃ satthā “āsayānusayañāṇaṃ nāmetaṃ pāramiyo pūretvā dasasahassilokadhātuṃ unnādetvā sabbaññutaṃ pattānaṃ buddhānaṃyeva visayo”ti vatvā “katarakulā nu kho esa pabbajito”ti āvajjento “suvaṇṇakārakulā”ti ñatvā atīte attabhāve olokento tassa suvaṇṇakārakuleyeva paṭipāṭiyā nibbattāni pañca attabhāvasatāni disvā “iminā daharena dīgharattaṃ suvaṇṇakārakammaṃ karontena kaṇikārapupphapadumapupphādīni karissāmīti rattasuvaṇṇameva samparivattitaṃ, tasmā imassa asubhapaṭikūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ na vaṭṭati, manāpamevassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ sappāyan”ti cintetvā, “sāriputta, tayā kammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā cattāro māse kilamitaṃ bhikkhuṃ ajja pacchābhatteyeva arahattaṃ pattaṃ passissasi, gaccha tvan”ti theraṃ uyyojetvā iddhiyā cakkamattaṃ suvaṇṇapadumaṃ māpetvā pattehi ceva nālehi ca udakabindūni muñcantaṃ viya katvā “bhikkhu imaṃ padumaṃ ādāya vihārapaccante vālukarāsimhi ṭhapetvā sammukhaṭṭhāne pallaṅkena nisīditvā ‘lohitakaṃ lohitakan’ti parikammaṃ karohī”ti adāsi. tassa satthuhatthato padumaṃ gaṇhantasseva cittaṃ pasīdi. so vihārapaccantaṃ gantvā vālukaṃ ussāpetvā tattha padumanālaṃ pavesetvā sammukhe pallaṅkena nisinno “lohitakaṃ lohitakan”ti parikammaṃ ārabhi. athassa taṅkhaṇaññeva nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhiṃsu, upacārajjhānaṃ uppajji. tadanantaraṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ nibbattetvā pañcahākārehi vasībhāvaṃ pāpetvā yathānisinnova dutiyajjhānādīnipi patvā vasībhūto catutthajjhānena jhānakīḷaṃ kīḷanto nisīdi.

satthā tassa jhānānaṃ uppannabhāvaṃ ñatvā “sakkhissati nu kho esa attano dhammatāya uttari visesaṃ nibbattetun”ti olokento “na sakkhissatī”ti ñatvā “taṃ padumaṃ milāyatū”ti adhiṭṭhahi. taṃ hatthehi madditapadumaṃ milāyantaṃ viya kāḷavaṇṇaṃ ahosi. so jhānā vuṭṭhāya taṃ oloketvā “kiṃ nu kho imaṃ padumaṃ jarāya pahaṭaṃ paññāyati, anupādiṇṇakepi evaṃ jarāya abhibhuyyamāne upādiṇṇake kathāva natthi. idampi hi jarā abhibhavissatī”ti aniccalakkhaṇaṃ passi . tasmiṃ pana diṭṭhe dukkhalakkhaṇañca anattalakkhaṇañca diṭṭhameva hoti. tassa tayo bhavā ādittā viya kaṇḍe baddhakuṇapā viya ca khāyiṃsu. tasmiṃ khaṇe tassa avidūre kumārakā ekaṃ saraṃ otaritvā kumudāni bhañjitvā thale rāsiṃ karonti. so jale ca thale ca kumudāni olokesi. athassa jale kumudāni abhirūpāni udakapaggharantāni viya upaṭṭhahiṃsu, itarāni aggaggesu parimilātāni . so “anupādiṇṇakaṃ jarā evaṃ paharati, upādiṇṇakaṃ kiṃ pana na paharissatī”ti suṭṭhutaraṃ aniccalakkhaṇādīni addasa. satthā “pākaṭībhūtaṃ idāni imassa bhikkhuno kammaṭṭhānan”ti ñatvā gandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinnakova obhāsaṃ muñci, so tassa mukhaṃ pahari. athassa “kiṃ nu kho etan”ti olokentassa satthā āgantvā sammukhe ṭhito viya ahosi. so uṭṭhāya añjaliṃ paggaṇhi. athassa satthā sappāyaṃ sallakkhetvā imaṃ gāthamāha —

285.

“ucchinda sinehamattano, kumudaṃ sāradikaṃva pāṇinā.

santimaggameva brūhaya, nibbānaṃ sugatena desitan”ti.

tattha ucchindāti arahattamaggena ucchinda. sāradikanti saradakāle nibbattaṃ. santimagganti nibbānagāmiṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ. brūhayāti vaḍḍhaya. nibbānañhi sugatena desitaṃ, tasmā tassa maggaṃ bhāvehīti attho.

desanāvasāne so bhikkhu arahatte patiṭṭhahi.

suvaṇṇakārattheravatthu navamaṃ.